Predicting outgassing and instabilityof asteroid TB 145 in passing of the Earth’s orbit

A.Asadi1, S. Hafizi1,2, F. Memarian1,2
[1]PLASMA PHYSICS RESEARCH CENTER (PPRC), SCIENCE AND RESEARCH BRANCH OF ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY, TEHRAN
[2]THE THUNDERBOLTS PROJECT, PERSIAN DIVISION


ASTEROIDS AND COMETS INSTABILITIES
The recent discovery of the asteroid TB 145 (also categorized as comet, Because of its highly eccentric orbit and inclination)[1] is a good opportunity for a precise observation by the observatory and institutes all over the world. From its orbital path[1], it is predicted that it will pass the orbit of the earth from the distance of 1.3 times the lunar distance from the Earth.
Predicting outgassing and instabilityof asteroid TB 145 in passing of the Earth’s orbit

First radar images from the National Science Foundation's 1,000-foot (305-meter) Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, Image credit: NAIC-Arecibo/NSF

The solar system is filled with solar wind which is mostly comprised of charged particles, Hydrogen protons and free electrons. Solar wind penetrates through the outermost regions of the space around the sun, and it affects the celestial bodies around the Sun. When a CME (Coronal Mass Ejection) is directed toward the earth, Magneto tail of the earth goes under the pressure of tremendous amount of charged particles that will cause the field to extend beyond its original position. This is a good example of the influence and power of the solar wind.
Comets also are influenced by the solar wind. They show tails and coma as they pass close to the sun and interact with the charged particles and thermal emission from the sun. Their interior ices would sublimate and the surface materials are excavated by the charged particles.
Before the discovery of TB 145, other objects have passed near the earth. Asteroid “2014 HQ124" which was detected by JPL[2] Observatory,was a contact binary which passed the earth within 776,000 miles (1.25 million kilometers). Contact binaries and moon let asteroids, could be the result of the interactions of solar particles with a single body asteroids, which will cause them to change shape or split apart over time. We have a former a paper on explaining these processes.[3]
Peculiar comets and asteroids have shown special phenomenon in the history of solar system. Comet Ikeya Sekifragmented in its orbit far from the sun.Asteroid PANSTARRS 311P/2013 P5 was observed in between 10 to 23 September 2013. It was detected that the asteroid had 6 comet-like tails, and after some time, the direction of its tails changed dramatically. Physical processes that are suggested to explain the tail formation are impact of smaller bodies on the asteroid, Electrical processes, rotational instability[4], and sublimation of near surface ices. Breaking apart of the asteroid P/2013 R3 into 10 fragments also cannot be well explained, without considering electrical influences in solar system.
According to an article, all these processes cannot explain the observations except rotation instability[5], but rotation of an object in order to produce the observed tails, would not explain the sudden in the direction of the tails. Electrical interactions were never fully considered in the literature.
Predicting outgassing and instabilityof asteroid TB 145 in passing of the Earth’s orbit

This is a graphic depicting the orbit of asteroid 2015 TB145. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

We looked up the data[6] on the dates that the asteroid 311P/2013 p5 started to show tails. Solar activity on those days was very high and huge amount of charged particles from the solar CMEs was charging the asteroid.
This phenomenoncan be better explained with the changes of the electrical environment of the space around the objects. Because in order to split, or disintegrate a body in space at such long distances from the sun, where the radiation energy and the temperature is very low, other sources of energy need to be considered. This energy can be achieved mainly by the solar wind and charged particles from the sun.
Here we report, that, keeping in mind the unusual orbit of the TB 145, it can be an object similar to comet-like asteroids that are active in space, it can show comet-like features that can be observed in the near earth passage.
If the sun ejects a CMEdirected toward the Earth within one or two days before the encounter of the asteroid(that depends on the speed of the CME and The time required for the charged particles to reach the Earth)it will increase the chance for the observers of the asteroid TB 145, to detect interactions between the object and the solar charged particles that pass near the earth that they can be condensed by the effects of the magnetic field of Earth.

References:
1. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2015%20TB145;orb=1
2. The radar observations were led by scientists Marina Brozovic and Lance Benner of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California.Michael Nolan, Patrick Taylor, Ellen Howell and AlessondraSpringmann at Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico
3. http://www.iota-me.com/joe/
Survey on Yorp and EDM effects on distribution and generation of binary asteroids in inner regions of solar system
4. Jewitt, D. 2012, AJ, 143, 66
5. David Jewitt, Jessica Agarwal, The Extraordinary Multi-Tailed Main-Belt Comet P/2013 P5
6. http://cdaw.gsfc.nasa.gov/CME_list/